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Shoulder - Case 50 (3rd ed)
Shoulder - Case 50 (3rd ed)
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Pdf Summary
The document discusses adhesive capsulitis, commonly known as frozen shoulder, and provides answers and explanations for various study questions. 1. <strong>Natural Progression and Risk Factors</strong>: Adhesive capsulitis typically progresses through three stages: freezing, frozen, and thawing. Most cases resolve spontaneously over 12-36 months. Risk factors include female gender, middle age, smoking, shoulder immobilization, and endocrine disorders, particularly thyroid disease and diabetes mellitus, with diabetics having a significantly higher risk. 2. <strong>Treatment Options</strong>: Intra-articular corticosteroid injections can offer short-term relief for symptoms and improve function, although they do not alter the condition's overall duration. There is no strong evidence supporting oral NSAIDs, oral corticosteroids, or acupuncture for this condition. The "benign neglect" approach results in outcomes similar to active interventions. 3. <strong>Imaging Findings</strong>: Diagnosis is largely clinical, with the subcoracoid triangle sign on MRI being a specific finding for adhesive capsulitis. Shoulder arthrography in affected individuals often shows reduced joint volume due to thickened joint capsules. 4. <strong>Associated Conditions</strong>: Several chronic medical conditions are associated with the onset of adhesive capsulitis, including Parkinson's disease, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and hypothyroidism. Trauma and surgeries resulting in shoulder immobilization can also contribute to its development. Overall, despite various treatment modalities available, adhesive capsulitis is a self-limiting condition that typically resolves over time, highlighting the importance of managing patient expectations and focusing on symptom relief in the short term.
Meta Tag
Edition
3rd Edition
Related Case
3rd Edition, CASE 50
Topic
Shoulder
Keywords
adhesive capsulitis
frozen shoulder
natural progression
risk factors
treatment options
corticosteroid injections
imaging findings
associated conditions
self-limiting
symptom relief
3rd Edition
3rd Edition, CASE 50
Shoulder
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