Best Practice Case Studies-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Pdf Summary

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a prevalent, inherited heart disease, affecting approximately 1 in 500 people. It results from genetic mutations in the heart muscle, potentially leading to an enlarged heart. This condition increases the risk of irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias), stroke, heart failure, or heart attack. While some individuals may exhibit no symptoms, HCM is notably a leading cause of sudden cardiac death in U.S. athletes. The condition carries a 1% annual mortality rate, yet many with HCM live normal lifespans without symptoms.<br /><br />Diagnosis is often achieved through echocardiograms or cardiac MRI. For those with a family history of HCM, genetic testing may be advisable. Treatment focuses on symptom management, frequently employing an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) to prevent sudden death by correcting abnormal heartbeats with shocks. In severe cases, heart transplants or surgical procedures might be necessary.<br /><br />To prevent injuries, physical exams and electrocardiograms (ECG) can help identify potential anomalies, prompting further examination. Those diagnosed may be prescribed medications like beta blockers or receive an ICD. Sports participation for athletes with HCM or ICDs has been controversial, but recent guidelines allow for participation if no corrective shocks have occurred within three months. Informed decisions should involve the athlete, their physician, and family considering the potential risks.<br /><br />The American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) emphasizes that informed athletes and families should decide on returning to sports, with acknowledgment of the potential risks associated with HCM and ICDs. AMSSM serves as a resource for education and care of athletes and individuals seeking to maintain healthy lifestyles through sports medicine.

Meta Tag

Edition 2nd Edition

Related Case 2nd Edition, CASE 06

Topic Cardiac

Keywords

2nd Edition, CASE 06

2nd Edition

Cardiac

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

inherited heart disease

genetic mutations

sudden cardiac death

echocardiograms

implantable cardioverter-defibrillator

genetic testing

beta blockers

sports participation

American Medical Society for Sports Medicine